A secondary index is an index that refers to a clustered index (SQL Server, MySQL/InnoDB) or Index-Organized Table (Oracle). In other words, an index on an index.
Accessing table data via a secondary index is slower than a similar query on a heap-table.
Links
Book-Section: Index-Organized Tables
Glossary: Heap-Table — Tables stored in an unordered fashion.
Glossary: Clustered Index — Table stored in a B-Tree index
Glossary: Index-Organized Table — Oracle clustered index